Oklahoma Social Studies MWH.C.1.1

Social StudiesGrades 9–12Content Standards

Standard Cluster

MWH.C.1
Analyze the impact of the patterns of ancient political, economic, and cultural development.
Analyze the influence of religious, political, and philosophical ideas on society. Compare the origins and spread of the world’s major religions and philosophies, including Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Confucianism, and Sikhism. Describe ancient Mesopotamia’s Code of Hammurabi as one of the earliest legal codes. Explain ancient Athens’ experience with direct democracy and identify modern political principles which developed in ancient Greece (e.g., the city-state, civic participation through voting, law-making bodies). Evaluate the contributions of the Roman civilization to law and government by describing the Roman Republic’s development of the principle of separation of powers, the concept of civic duty, written laws, and the rule of law. Compare the impact of Greek and Roman philosophers (e.g., Plato, Aristotle and Cicero) including their lasting influence on principles of government. Examine the influence of Christian moral and legal traditions on the development of Western legal systems. Describe the contributions of the Byzantine Empire, including the significance of the Justinian Code. Describe the feudal system’s influence on European society and government.

Oklahoma Academic Standards for Social Studies (2026) · MWH.C.1

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MWH.C.1.1 is a cluster heading. These are the individual standards under it.

Teacher's field guide

What This Cluster Means

What Students Need to Do

Students map where seven major religious and philosophical traditions began and how they spread. They compare Hammurabi’s laws, Athenian voting, Roman government, and Greek and Roman thinkers. They explain how Christian traditions, Justinian’s Code, and feudal ties shaped European law and government.

What Mastery Looks Like

A student can locate where Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Confucianism, and Sikhism began, then trace one route of spread for each. They can distinguish direct voting in Athens from Rome’s republic and connect an idea from Plato, Aristotle, or Cicero to government. They can explain what written laws, civic duty, and feudal obligations meant in their settings.

Common Misconceptions

Students may think all seven traditions began in the same region or spread only through conquest. They may assume everyone in Athens could vote or that Roman officials could make laws without limits. They may treat Hammurabi’s laws, Justinian’s Code, and feudal obligations as the same kind of rules.

How to Assess It

Exit ticket: Mark where Buddhism began and one place it spread. Then name one difference between Athenian voting and Roman government.

Lesson moves

Ways to Teach It

  1. Give groups seven tradition cards and a blank map; have them mark each origin and draw one supported route of spread.

  2. Ask students to write: Which left a clearer mark on modern government, Athenian voting or Roman written law? Give one example.

  3. Play a card sort matching Hammurabi, Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Justinian, and feudal lords to a specific law or political idea.

  4. Give students a local government chart; have them label elected councils, written ordinances, and executive offices, then compare these with Athens and Rome.

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