Virginia SOL PS.9

PS.9 is a Standards of Learning science standard. These are the key ideas and practices under it.

• PS.9.a

  an imbalance of charge generates static electricity

• PS.9.b

  materials have different conductive properties

• PS.9.c

  electric circuits transfer energy

• PS.9.d

  magnetic fields cause the magnetic effects of certain materials

• PS.9.e

  electric current and magnetic fields are related

• PS.9.f

  many technologies use electricity and magnetism.

01

What Students Need to Do

Students explain how electrons move to create static charge and compare conductors with insulators. They analyze circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnets, and devices that use electrical and magnetic effects.

02

What Mastery Looks Like

Students can predict attraction or repulsion between charged objects and choose suitable materials for a circuit. They can trace energy through a complete circuit and explain how current in a wire produces a magnetic field.

03

Common Misconceptions

Students may think static charge creates new electrons or that all metals are magnetic. They often believe current is used up by a bulb, flows through an open circuit, or is unrelated to magnetism.

04

How to Assess It

Use a four-box exit ticket: predict two charged balloons, classify copper and rubber, trace energy in a closed circuit, and explain an electromagnet.

1. 01

   Wrap insulated wire around an iron nail, connect it to a battery, and test how coil turns affect the number of paper clips lifted.

2. 02

   Ask students to explain why a rubbed balloon sticks to a wall but eventually falls.

3. 03

   Play a circuit card sort where students match diagrams with closed, open, series, conductor, insulator, and short circuit labels.

4. 04

   Have students examine a speaker diagram and trace how electric current, a magnetic field, and cone motion produce sound.

• 5.7

  The student will investigate and understand that matter has properties and interactions. Key ideas include

• 5.4

  The student will investigate and understand that electricity is transmitted and used in daily life. Key ideas include

• 6.4

  The student will investigate and understand that there are basic sources of energy and that energy can be transformed. Key ideas include

• PS.7

  The student will investigate and understand that electromagnetic radiation has characteristics. Key ideas include