Virginia SOL 3.PFA.1

3.PFA.1 is a Standards of Learning standard. These are the knowledge and skills expectations under it.

• 3.PFA.1.a

  Identify and describe increasing and decreasing patterns using various representations (e.g., objects, pictures, numbers, number lines).

• 3.PFA.1.b

  Analyze an increasing or decreasing pattern and generalize the change to extend the pattern or identify missing terms using various representations.

• 3.PFA.1.c

  Solve contextual problems that involve identifying, describing, and extending patterns.

• 3.PFA.1.d

  Create increasing and decreasing patterns using objects, pictures, numbers, and number lines.

• 3.PFA.1.e

  Investigate and explain the connection between two different representations of the same increasing or decreasing pattern.

01

What Students Need to Do

Students find the repeated amount added or subtracted in a pattern. They use that rule to extend patterns, fill missing terms, and make their own. They connect the same pattern across objects, pictures, numbers, number lines, and short situations.

02

What Mastery Looks Like

Students correctly name the repeated addition or subtraction rule and use it to find missing or later terms. They create a pattern that follows a given rule. They can show how a number pattern matches objects, pictures, or jumps on a number line.

03

Common Misconceptions

Students may focus only on whether numbers get larger or smaller, without finding the constant change. They may switch operations, such as adding 3 once and then adding 4. Missing terms and backward steps can also cause errors.

04

How to Assess It

Give students the pattern 28, 24, __, 16 and a blank number line. Ask them to fill the blank, show the jumps, and explain the rule.

1. 01

   Build cube towers with 3 more cubes each time, then draw and label the matching sequence.

2. 02

   Show 42, 37, 32, 27 and ask students to write how they know what comes next.

3. 03

   Play Pattern Detective with cards showing sequences, missing terms, and rules for partners to match.

4. 04

   Track a classroom supply count as items are added or used, then represent the changes with numbers and a number line.

• 4.PFA.1

  The student will identify, describe, extend, and create increasing and decreasing patterns (limited to addition, subtraction, and multiplication of whole number...

• 2.PFA.1

  The student will describe, extend, create, and transfer repeating and increasing patterns (limited to addition of whole numbers) using various representations.

• 1.PFA.1

  The student will identify, describe, extend, create, and transfer repeating patterns and increasing patterns using various representations.

• 5.PFA.1

  The student will identify, describe, extend, and create increasing and decreasing patterns with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals, including those in conte...