Texas TEKS 5.11.B
The Standard
evaluate the effects of supply and demand on industry and agriculture, including the plantation system, in the United States.
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Social Studies
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students explain how changes in available goods and buyers’ wants affect prices and production decisions. They connect demand for cash crops to plantation growth, industrial production, land use, and the exploitation of enslaved people. They judge how these changes benefited or harmed different groups.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can read a short market scenario or graph and explain how a change in supply or demand affects price and production. The student can trace cotton demand to growth in plantations and textile production, while explaining that profits depended on enslaved labor. The student supports a judgment about benefits and harms with evidence.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may think high demand always lowers prices, or that more supply always raises them. They may treat plantations as simply large farms and leave out slavery, coercion, and the human harm behind plantation profits. They may discuss farming and factories separately, missing how cotton linked plantations, shipping, banks, and textile mills.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: Cotton demand rises sharply while supply is limited. Name one effect on textile mills, one on plantations, and one on enslaved people, then justify each.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give groups cards labeled rising cotton demand, higher prices, more textile mills, plantation expansion, and enslaved labor to arrange and defend.
Ask, “Who gained wealth from the cotton market, who was harmed, and what evidence supports your judgment?”
Run three market rounds with changing crop supply and buyer demand cards, then have teams predict prices and production before revealing results.
Compare weekly strawberry prices and store stock, then connect shortages and surpluses to choices made by farmers and food companies.
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Related Standards
- 5.11.A
explain how supply and demand affects consumers in the United States; and
- 8.11.A
analyze how physical characteristics of the environment influenced population distribution, settlement patterns, and economic activities in the United States; a...
- 8.12.C
analyze the causes and effects of economic differences among different regions of the United States at selected times.
- 8.7.D
analyze the impact of slavery on different sections of the United States; and
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