Oklahoma Social Studies MWH.C.2.3.B
The Standard
- MWH.C.2
- Analyze patterns of social, economic, political, and cultural changes during the Late Middle Ages to the Age of Exploration.
- MWH.C.2.3
- Summarize the causes of and influence of the theological movements of the Reformation and how those movements subsequently transformed society.
Explain new ways of disseminating information, such as Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press and the translation of the Bible into the vernacular.
Oklahoma Academic Standards for Social Studies (2026) · MWH.C.2.3
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students explain how movable type made it easier to produce many copies of a text. They explain how translating the Bible into local languages changed who could read it.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can explain why a printed Bible in German could reach more readers than a handwritten copy in Latin. They can also explain why cost and low literacy still limited access.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may think Gutenberg invented all printing, rather than developing movable type printing in Europe. They may also assume that a Bible in a local language meant everyone could read it.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: An early printer makes 200 copies of a Bible in German. Name two ways this changes access compared with one handwritten Latin Bible, and name one group still left out.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Have groups hand-copy a short notice onto five cards, then photocopy it five times and compare the time and errors.
Ask, "Who could read a Bible in German but not Latin, and who would still need it read aloud?"
Sort cards labeled "50 identical pamphlets," "Bible in German," and "Latin manuscript" into printing, translation, or neither.
Show a school notice in English and a translated copy; ask who each version reaches and who might still need it read aloud.
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Related Standards
- AWH.C.10.5.E
Identify technological and agricultural improvements (e.g., plough, windmills, watermills).
- MWH.C.2.4.A
Explain how the scientific method and new technologies, such as the telescope and microscope, led to new theories of the universe.
- MWH.C.2.3
Summarize the causes of and influence of the theological movements of the Reformation and how those movements subsequently transformed society.
- MWH.C.2.3.A
Explain reasons for the growing discontent with the Catholic Church, including the main ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin, and the role of William Tyndale.
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