Oklahoma Social Studies MWH.C.2.3.A
The Standard
- MWH.C.2
- Analyze patterns of social, economic, political, and cultural changes during the Late Middle Ages to the Age of Exploration.
- MWH.C.2.3
- Summarize the causes of and influence of the theological movements of the Reformation and how those movements subsequently transformed society.
Explain reasons for the growing discontent with the Catholic Church, including the main ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin, and the role of William Tyndale.
Oklahoma Academic Standards for Social Studies (2026) · MWH.C.2.3
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students identify why some Europeans criticized the sale of indulgences and the wealth of Church leaders. They explain Luther's belief in salvation by faith and Calvin's teaching on predestination. They describe how Tyndale's English Bible translations gave readers another way to encounter Scripture.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students can use a short source excerpt to explain why Luther challenged the sale of indulgences. They can tell Luther's teaching on faith from Calvin's teaching on predestination. They can explain why Tyndale translated Scripture into English.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may think buying an indulgence automatically erased a sin. They often mix up Luther's teaching on faith with Calvin's teaching on predestination. Tyndale translated parts of the Bible; he did not write a new one.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: Name one Church practice that drew criticism. Then give one distinct idea or contribution from Luther, Calvin, and Tyndale.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give groups cutout cards showing an indulgence notice, Luther's faith claim, Calvin's predestination, and Tyndale's English New Testament; sort complaints, beliefs, and access.
Ask: If people can read Scripture in English, how might that change whose explanations they trust? Use Tyndale's work in your answer.
Play a card match: pair Luther, Calvin, and Tyndale with faith alone, predestination, and English Bible translation; explain each match aloud.
Hand out the same school rule in English and in an unfamiliar language; ask which version lets readers check its meaning themselves.
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Related Standards
- MWH.C.2.3.D
Trace the spread of Protestantism across Europe, including Lutherans, Reformed (Calvinist) Church of England, Anabaptists, and the effects on European society (...
- MWH.C.2.3
Summarize the causes of and influence of the theological movements of the Reformation and how those movements subsequently transformed society.
- MWH.C.2.3.B
Explain new ways of disseminating information, such as Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press and the translation of the Bible into the vernacular.
- MWH.C.2.3.C
Describe tensions between religious and secular authorities contributing to the English Reformation.
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