NY Next Generation ELA 9-10R2
The Standard
Determine one or more themes or central ideas in a text and analyze its development, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details; objectively and accurately summarize a text. (RI&RL)
New York State Next Generation English Language Arts Learning Standards
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students determine one or more themes or central ideas and analyze how specific details introduce, shape, and refine them. They also produce an objective and accurate summary.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student traces when an idea emerges and explains how later details complicate or sharpen it. The student can distinguish related ideas and summarize their development without evaluation, distortion, or minor detail.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may state a theme as a topic or assume it remains unchanged throughout the text. They may list supporting details without analyzing refinement, or turn the summary into a review or interpretation.
How to Assess It
- Give students a short complex text. Ask them to identify one central idea, trace three shaping details, and write an objective four-sentence summary.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Plot detail cards on an emergence, development, and refinement timeline, then annotate each change to the central idea.
Ask, ‘Which detail most changes our understanding of the theme, and how does it refine the earlier version?’
Play Summary Audit by removing evaluation, correcting distorted emphasis, and restoring a missing central idea.
Trace a central idea through a long-form news article, then write an objective briefing for a public meeting.
Free download
Printable 9-10R2 Worksheet
A ready-to-print activity worksheet aligned to 9-10R2, with an answer key for the teacher on its own page. No account needed.
PDF, US Letter, prints cleanly in black and white.
Download the worksheetKeep exploring
Related Standards
- 8R2
Determine one or more themes or central ideas of a text and analyze their development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
- 7R2
Determine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text; summarize a text.
- 6R2
Determine a theme or central idea of a text and how it is developed by key supporting details over the course of a text; summarize a text.
- 4R2
Determine a theme or central idea of text and explain how it is supported by key details; summarize a text.
Turn this exact standard into a lesson
Grade, subject, topic, and the complete standard are prefilled. Create one free, no account needed.
Also for this standard:Make a WorksheetMake a QuizMake a Sub Lesson