Georgia 4.NR.2.3
The Standard
Solve relevant problems involving multiplication of a number with up to four digits by a 1-digit whole number or involving multiplication of two two-digit numbers using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations. Illustrate and explain the calculation by using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.
Georgia's K-12 Mathematics Standards · Using part-whole strategies, solve problems involving addition and subtraction through the hundred-thousands place, as well as multiplication and division of multi-digit whole numbers presented in real-life, mathematical situations.
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students break factors into place-value parts and use distributive reasoning to find partial products. They work with one-digit factors paired with larger numbers and with pairs of two-digit factors. They show why the calculation works with equations, arrays, or area models.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student accurately finds products such as 3,406 × 7 and 28 × 46. They label and combine partial products correctly, then connect each one to a section of an array or area model. They can explain why their strategy works.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may treat 30 × 20 as 60 or 6 instead of 600. They may omit a partial product, misalign sums, or draw model sections that do not match the decomposed factors. Some choose an operation from keywords without checking the situation.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: A theater has 24 rows with 36 seats in each row; find the total number of seats. Show an equation and a labeled area model with every partial product.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs base-ten blocks and grid paper to build 23 × 14, partition the rectangle, and record each partial product.
Ask students to explain in writing why 32 × 15 equals 32 × (10 + 5), using an area model.
Students play Product Match by pairing cards that show equivalent equations, partial products, and area models.
Use a snack order where 28 bags hold 16 crackers each, then have students find the total and justify their strategy.
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Printable 4.NR.2.3 Worksheet
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Related Standards
- 5.NR.2
Multiply and divide multi-digit whole numbers to solve relevant, mathematical problems.
- 1.NR.5.1
Use a variety of strategies to solve applicable, mathematical addition and subtraction problems with one- and two-digit whole numbers.
- 3.PAR.3.6
Solve practical, relevant problems involving multiplication and division within 100 using part-whole strategies, visual representations, and/or concrete models.
- 5.NR.2.1
Fluently multiply multi-digit (up to 3- digit by 2-digit) whole numbers to solve authentic problems.
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