Oklahoma Social Studies MWH.C.2.2.A

Social StudiesGrades 9–12Content Standards

The Standard

MWH.C.2
Analyze patterns of social, economic, political, and cultural changes during the Late Middle Ages to the Age of Exploration.
MWH.C.2.2
Assess the origins and the significance of the Italian Renaissance and the revival of classical learning.
Examine intellectual development and advances (i.e., vernacular literature and expanded literacy, the arts, engineering, human anatomy) focusing on selected historical figures (e.g., Machiavelli, Michelangelo, daVinci, Raphael, Erasmus).

Oklahoma Academic Standards for Social Studies (2026) · MWH.C.2.2

Teacher's field guide

What This Standard Means

What Students Need to Do

Students connect Renaissance writers and artists to changes in books, painting, engineering, and the study of the body. They use a passage or image to explain what a person did and why it was new.

What Mastery Looks Like

Given a da Vinci anatomy drawing and a book page printed in Italian, students point to details that show new ways of studying and sharing knowledge. They explain that books in everyday languages could reach readers who did not know Latin.

Common Misconceptions

Students may think printing made everyone literate or that all Renaissance books were written in Latin. They may mistake da Vinci's machine sketches for working inventions or confuse Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling with Raphael's School of Athens.

How to Assess It

Exit ticket: How could a book printed in Italian reach readers a Latin book might not? What does a da Vinci anatomy sketch show about how he studied the body?

Lesson moves

Ways to Teach It

  1. Give pairs a ruler and a printout of Raphael's School of Athens; have them trace lines to the painting's vanishing point.

  2. Read Machiavelli's passage on being feared or loved; ask students which he favors and which phrase explains his choice.

  3. Run a matching race with figure cards and work cards: The Prince, Sistine ceiling, anatomy sketches, School of Athens, and Praise of Folly.

  4. Show da Vinci's aerial screw sketch beside a helicopter rotor photo; students label the spinning parts and describe one design difference.

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Printable MWH.C.2.2.A Worksheet

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