Georgia 5.T.RA.2.c
The Standard
Use basic parenthetical citations to credit the source used. (C)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Texts (T) · Research & Analysis
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students show where borrowed facts, paraphrases, and quotations came from by adding brief information in parentheses. They connect each citation to the correct source.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students place a brief citation directly after a borrowed fact, paraphrase, or quotation. They use the author’s last name and page number when available, such as (Chen 14).
Common Misconceptions
- Students may list a source only at the end and leave borrowed facts unmarked. They may put a full web address in parentheses, omit page numbers, or place the citation where its source is unclear.
How to Assess It
- Give students this source card: Maya Chen, "Sea Turtle Survival," page 14. Ask them to cite this sentence: Sea turtles can hold their breath for several hours.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs source cards and fact strips, then have them match each fact to its source and add the correct citation.
Show one cited paragraph and one uncited paragraph, then ask students to write which is more trustworthy and why.
Run a citation relay where teams correct missing, misplaced, or incomplete citations on sentence cards.
Examine source credits in a news article, then have students cite one fact from the article in a short report.
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