Virginia SOL PS.1.e.i
The Standard
construct, develop, and use models and simulations to illustrate and/or explain observable and unobservable phenomena
Virginia Standards of Learning for Science · The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific and engineering practices by
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students create physical, visual, mathematical, or computer models of a phenomenon. They use the model to explain observations, represent unseen parts, and make predictions. They revise it when evidence does not fit.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students choose a model that fits the phenomenon and label its key parts. They connect model features to evidence and use them to explain or predict results. They can name one limitation and suggest a revision.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may treat a model as an exact copy rather than a useful representation. They may include decorative details that do not support the explanation. They may think a simulation proves what happens instead of testing a possible explanation.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: Draw a particle model showing why food coloring spreads through still water. Label the unseen process and name one limitation of your model.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Place drops of food coloring in hot and cold water, then build bead models to explain the different spreading rates.
Show two atom models and ask students to write which better explains a chosen observation and why.
Play a model-match game where teams pair phenomenon cards with diagrams, graphs, physical models, or simulations and defend each match.
Use a weather radar map to explain how models represent unseen air movement and help meteorologists predict storms.
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Printable PS.1.e.i Worksheet
A ready-to-print activity worksheet aligned to PS.1.e.i, with an answer key for the teacher on its own page. No account needed.
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Related Standards
- 2.1.e.i
use models to demonstrate simple phenomena and natural processes
- LS.1.e.i
construct and use models and simulations to illustrate, predict, and/or explain observable and unobservable phenomena, life processes, or mechanisms
- 4.1.e.i
develop and/or use models to explain natural phenomena
- 6.1.e.ii
use, develop, and revise models to predict and explain phenomena
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