Virginia SOL S.1.f

Social Studies1st Grade

The Standard

recognizing cause-and-effect relationships

Virginia Standards of Learning for History and Social Science

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students identify why an event happened and what happened as a result. They explain the link using words such as because and so.
What Mastery Looks Like: Given a short story or picture pair, a student correctly names the cause and the effect. The student explains how the cause led to the result.
Common Misconceptions: Students may think the first event always caused the second event. They may reverse the cause and effect or connect two events that are unrelated.
How to Assess It: Give students this prompt: “Heavy rain flooded the street, so the bus was late.” Ask them to circle the cause and underline the effect.

Lesson moves

Give pairs picture cards showing events such as a storm and a closed road, then have students match each cause to its effect.
Ask students to finish this sentence: “The playground was muddy because...” and explain which event is the cause.
Play Cause or Effect by reading event pairs and having students hold up a C or E card for the named event.
Have students describe one classroom rule and explain what happens when people follow it or ignore it.

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