2.10
Knowledge and Skills Statement (Standard Cluster)
The student uses critical inquiry to analyze the authors' choices and how they influence and communicate meaning within a variety of texts. The student analyzes and applies author's craft purposefully in order to develop his or her own products and performances.
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading
Cluster contents
Student Expectations in This Statement
2.10 is a knowledge and skills statement. These are the student expectations under it.
- 2.10.A
discuss the author's purpose for writing text
- 2.10.B
discuss how the use of text structure contributes to the author's purpose
- 2.10.C
discuss the author's use of print and graphic features to achieve specific purposes
- 2.10.D
discuss the use of descriptive, literal, and figurative language
- 2.10.E
identify the use of first or third person in a text
- 2.10.F
identify and explain the use of repetition.
Teacher's field guide
What This Cluster Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students explain why an author wrote a text and point to choices that support that goal. They notice organization, headings, pictures, word choice, comparisons, viewpoint, and repeated words. They use some of these choices in their own speaking and writing.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can name a likely purpose and support the answer with details from the text. The student can explain how organization, features, language, viewpoint, or repetition affects meaning. The student can also use one of these choices deliberately in original writing.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may confuse the topic with the author's reason for writing. They may think pictures are only decoration or that repetition is accidental. They also may assume every narrator is the author and miss first-person pronouns as clues.
How to Assess It
- Give students a short paragraph with a heading, a repeated phrase, and first-person narration. Ask, "What is the author's purpose, and how do two of these choices help achieve it?"
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs three short texts and sticky notes; they label each author choice and connect it to the writer's purpose.
Read a plain sentence and a descriptive version, then ask students which one creates a clearer picture and why.
Play Craft Detective: teams earn points by finding a heading, simile, repeated phrase, or point-of-view clue in classroom texts.
Compare a cereal box, safety sign, and toy advertisement; students explain how words, pictures, and layout serve each writer's goal.
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Related Standards
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