Mississippi Science HAP.14.6

ScienceGrades 9–12Human Anatomy and Physiology

The Standard

HAP.14
Students will investigate the structures and functions of the urinary system, including the cause and effect of diseases and disorders.
Research and analyze the causes and effects of various pathological conditions and other kidney abnormalities (e.g., kidney stones, urinary tract infections, gout, dialysis, and incontinence).

2026 Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Standards for Science · Urinary System

Teacher's field guide

What This Standard Means

What Students Need to Do

Students use health sources to compare the causes of kidney stones, UTIs, gout, and incontinence. They explain how each condition affects the body and when dialysis is used for kidney failure.

What Mastery Looks Like

Given a patient case, a student can name a likely condition and link its cause to a symptom. They can explain that dialysis is a treatment, not a disease.

Common Misconceptions

Students may call dialysis a disease or assume all urinary pain means kidney stones. They may think gout has no connection to the kidneys, or that incontinence always means kidney failure.

How to Assess It

Exit ticket: A patient has burning when urinating and needs to go often. Name a likely condition, give its cause, and explain why dialysis would not treat it.

Lesson moves

Ways to Teach It

  1. Pour water through two funnels, one with a small pebble lodged in the spout, and compare flow to model a urinary blockage.

  2. Post two cases, burning with urgency and sudden flank pain with blood in urine, and have students defend a diagnosis for each.

  3. Give pairs cause, symptom, condition, and treatment cards to match for kidney stones, UTIs, gout, incontinence, and kidney failure.

  4. Read a clinic handout on dialysis, then write two sentences explaining what dialysis does and what it does not cure.

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Printable HAP.14.6 Worksheet

Preview of the HAP.14.6 printable worksheet

A ready-to-print activity worksheet aligned to HAP.14.6, with an answer key for the teacher on its own page. No account needed.

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