Mississippi Science HAP.5.7
The Standard
- HAP.5
- Students will investigate the structures and functions of the muscular system, including the cause and effect of diseases and disorders.
Research and analyze the causes and effects of various pathological conditions, (e.g., fibromyalgia, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, muscle cramps/strains, and tendonitis).
2026 Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Standards for Science · Muscular System
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students use reliable medical sources to find the causes and effects of several muscle-related conditions. They compare conditions that affect movement but begin in different parts of the body.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can explain that genetic changes cause muscular dystrophy, while cerebral palsy begins with changes to the developing brain. They can use a source to connect each cause to an effect on movement.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may assume every condition that affects muscles starts in the muscles. They may confuse a muscle strain with tendonitis or think fibromyalgia is caused by torn muscle fibers.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: Explain why muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy can both affect walking, but have different causes.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Have pairs match cards naming six conditions with printed cause-and-effect clues, then use a medical source to check one match.
Ask students to write: Why can cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy both change walking, even though their causes differ?
Play a sorting relay with cause, symptom, and affected-tissue cards for strains, tendonitis, and fibromyalgia.
Read a trainer's note about a hamstring strain and Achilles tendonitis; identify the affected tissue and a likely effect on movement.
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Printable HAP.5.7 Worksheet
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