Indiana Science HS-AP6-2

ScienceGrades 9–12Integration and Coordination, Somatic and Special Senses

The Standard

Make and/or use a model of the anatomy of the eye; then construct an explanation for hyperopia, myopia and astigmatism using the model.

Indiana Academic Standards for Science (2023) · Integration and Coordination, Somatic and Special Senses

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students build or use an eye model and trace light through the cornea, pupil, and lens to the retina. They explain how eye length or uneven curvature can blur an image.
What Mastery Looks Like: Students label the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, and optic nerve on their model. They show myopia focusing before the retina, hyperopia behind it, and astigmatism focusing light unevenly.
Common Misconceptions: Students often swap where light focuses in myopia and hyperopia. Some think astigmatism comes from a long or short eyeball, rather than uneven curvature of the cornea or lens.
How to Assess It: Exit ticket: Draw three eye diagrams for myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Trace light rays, mark the retina, and write one sentence explaining each blur.

Lesson moves

Use a magnifying glass to focus a window image on a card, then shift the card to model myopia and hyperopia.
Compare diagrams of a round and an uneven cornea; write why the uneven cornea sends light to different focal points.
Give pairs three unlabeled ray diagrams to sort into myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, then have them defend each choice.
Show sample prescriptions marked plus sphere, minus sphere, and cylinder; ask students which eye model each would help correct.

Free download

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