Alabama Social Studies SS24.USG.6c

Social Studies12th GradeBranches of Government

The Standard

SS24.USG.6
Summarize the functions and duties of the judicial branch, including the power of judicial review and interpretation of laws.
Contrast strict and loose constructionist views of the Constitution of the United States.

2024 Alabama Course of Study: Social Studies

Teacher's field guide

What This Standard Means

What Students Need to Do

Students compare how two readers apply the Constitution to the same proposed federal action. They identify a power given to Congress and explain how narrowly or broadly each reader interprets the power to carry it out.

What Mastery Looks Like

Given a proposal to create a national bank, a student can explain Jefferson's objection and Hamilton's defense. They connect both arguments to Congress's power to collect taxes and the necessary and proper clause.

Common Misconceptions

Students may think a strict reading ignores the necessary and proper clause. They may think a loose reading lets Congress do anything it wants. Both readings require a connection to a power the Constitution gives Congress.

How to Assess It

Exit ticket: Congress proposes a bank to help collect taxes. Write one objection based on a narrow reading of “necessary” and one defense based on a broader reading.

Lesson moves

Ways to Teach It

  1. Give pairs cards marked “collect taxes,” “borrow money,” and “create a bank”; have them connect the bank to the other cards with string.

  2. Ask: Does “necessary” mean required or helpful? Have students defend one meaning using Congress's power to collect taxes.

  3. Play a clause match game: match tax collection, bank charter, and hiring tax clerks to listed or implied powers, then defend each match.

  4. Show a dollar bill labeled “Federal Reserve Note”; have students write competing arguments about Congress creating a central bank.

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