Virginia SOL 1.3

1.3 is a Standards of Learning science standard. These are the key ideas and practices under it.

• 1.3.a

  objects are made of one or more materials with different physical properties and can be used for a variety of purposes

• 1.3.b

  when a material is changed in size most physical properties remain the same

• 1.3.c

  the type and amount of material determine how much light can pass through an object.

01

What Students Need to Do

Students identify what objects are made from and describe properties such as color, texture, hardness, flexibility, and transparency. They compare pieces of different sizes and test how material type and thickness affect the light passing through.

02

What Mastery Looks Like

Students can sort objects by material and explain why a material fits a particular use. They can show that cutting a sponge changes its size but not most properties, then compare how light passes through plastic, paper, and stacked layers.

03

Common Misconceptions

Students may confuse an object with its material, such as calling a spoon a material instead of naming metal or plastic. They may think cutting changes the material or assume that light passes through all thin materials equally.

04

How to Assess It

Give students clear plastic, wax paper, and cardboard. Ask them to predict and test how much flashlight light passes through each, then explain their results using material properties.

1. 01

   Give pairs foil, wax paper, clear plastic, and stacked tissue sheets to test with a flashlight and record how much light passes through.

2. 02

   Show a whole sponge and a cut piece, then ask students to write which properties stayed the same and which changed.

3. 03

   Play Material Match: students pair object cards with wood, metal, glass, fabric, or plastic and name one useful property.

4. 04

   Inspect classroom windows, curtains, and blinds, then explain how each material controls light for a different purpose.

• 5.7

  The student will investigate and understand that matter has properties and interactions. Key ideas include

• 3.3

  The student will investigate and understand how materials interact with water. Key ideas include

• K.3

  The student will investigate and understand that physical properties of an object can be described. Properties include

• PS.3

  The student will investigate and understand that matter has properties and is conserved in chemical and physical processes. Key ideas include