Texas TEKS 2.10.A
The Standard
investigate and describe how wind and water move soil and rock particles across the Earth's surface such as wind blowing sand into dunes on a beach or a river carrying rocks as it flows
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Science
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students use simple models to observe how moving air and flowing water carry loose material. They describe what moved, which force moved it, and where it collected.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students can predict and explain how sand, soil, or small rocks will move in a model. They use observations as evidence and identify where material was removed or deposited.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may think soil and rocks move only during large storms. They may confuse breaking rock into smaller pieces with moving those pieces to a new place.
How to Assess It
- Give students a picture of sand piled beside a fence after strong wind. Ask them to name what moved the sand and circle where it was deposited.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Use a hand fan over a tray of sand, then pour water down a tilted soil tray to track particle movement.
Show paired photos of a dune and stream bank, then ask, “What moved the material, and what evidence supports your answer?”
Sort picture cards into wind, water, both, or neither, then explain one choice to a partner.
Walk around the schoolyard to find soil near drains, curbs, or fences, then sketch the likely path it traveled.
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Printable 2.10.A Worksheet
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Related Standards
- 1.10.A
investigate and document the properties of particle size, shape, texture, and color and the components of different types of soils such as topsoil, clay, and sa...
- 1.10.B
investigate and describe how water can move rock and soil particles from one place to another;
- 5.10.C
model and identify how changes to Earth's surface by wind, water, or ice result in the formation of landforms, including deltas, canyons, and sand dunes.
- 3.10.B
investigate and explain how soils such as sand and clay are formed by weathering of rock and by decomposition of plant and animal remains; and
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