4.11.D.vi
The Standard
prepositions and prepositional phrases
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading · The student uses the writing process recursively to compose multiple texts that are legible and uses appropriate conventions.
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students find prepositions and complete prepositional phrases in their drafts. They edit missing, repeated, or incorrect words so each phrase clearly shows place, time, direction, or another relationship.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can identify a preposition and the noun or pronoun that completes its phrase. The student can replace, add, or remove prepositions to make a draft clear and correct.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may treat words such as before and after as prepositions even when no noun or pronoun follows. They may write incomplete phrases, such as “under the,” or choose an inaccurate preposition, such as “arrived to the museum.”
How to Assess It
- Give students: “On Saturday, we arrived to the museum noon. We waited the front doors.” Ask them to edit the sentences and underline each prepositional phrase.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs preposition cards and noun phrase cards, then have them build, read, and revise complete sentences.
Compare “The dog ran by the fence” and “The dog ran through the fence,” then discuss how the preposition changes the meaning.
Run a preposition hunt in student drafts, with partners checking that each marked phrase ends with a noun or pronoun.
Students write directions across the classroom using phrases such as around the desk, past the door, and beside the shelf.
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