1.2.B.v
The Standard
decoding words with inflectional endings, including -ed, -s, and -es
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for English Language Arts and Reading · The student develops word structure knowledge through phonological awareness, print concepts, phonics, and morphology to communicate, decode, and spell.
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students read a base word with -s, -es, or -ed added. They blend the whole word and use the ending to recognize number or past action.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student reads words such as cats, wishes, jumped, and played without dropping or overpronouncing the ending. The student can separate the base word from its ending.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may drop the ending and read “jumps” as “jump.” They may read every -ed ending as an extra syllable or confuse when to use -s and -es.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: Have each student read “cats, wishes, jumped, played” and underline the base word in each. Record whether each ending is read accurately.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give students word cards and ending tiles to build jump, jumps, jumped, box, and boxes, then read each word aloud.
Ask, “What changes when we add -s, -es, or -ed?” Students write one example and explain the change.
Play Ending Sort: Students draw a word card, read it, then place it under -s, -es, or -ed.
Find words with endings in a classroom notice or lunch menu, circle them, and read each word in its sentence.
Keep exploring
Related Standards
- 4.2.A.v
decoding words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants; and
- 1.3.C
identify the meaning of words with the affixes -s, -ed, and -ing; and
- 3.2.A.vi
decoding words using knowledge of suffixes, including how they can change base words such as dropping e, changing y to i, and doubling final consonants; and
- 2.2.B.vi
decoding words with prefixes, including un-, re-, and dis-, and inflectional endings, including -s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, and -est; and
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