Virginia SOL 5.PS.3.a
The Standard
Determine the probability of an outcome by constructing a sample space (with a total of 24 or fewer equally likely possible outcomes), using a tree diagram, list, or chart to represent and determine all possible outcomes.
Virginia Standards of Learning for Mathematics · The student will determine the probability of an outcome by constructing a model of a sample space and using the Fundamental (Basic) Counting Principle.
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students organize the possible results of a two-step event using a tree diagram, list, or chart. They use that model to find the probability of a chosen result.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students create an accurate tree diagram, organized list, or chart without missing or repeating results. They count the matching results and write probability as favorable outcomes over total outcomes.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may add the numbers of choices instead of multiplying them. They may skip repeated-looking outcomes or count favorable results without using the full sample space. Some assume outcomes are equally likely when they are not.
How to Assess It
- Give students a coin and a spinner with three equal sections labeled A, B, and C. Ask them to show the sample space and find the probability of heads with B.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Have pairs flip a coin and spin a four-section spinner, then build a chart showing the eight possible results.
Ask students to explain which model, tree diagram, list, or chart, makes a two-step situation easiest to check.
Play Sample Space Race, where teams draw two choice cards and earn points for listing every combination without repeats.
Design a carnival game using two equal spinners, then calculate the probability of winning and decide whether the game is fair.
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Printable 5.PS.3.a Worksheet
A ready-to-print activity worksheet aligned to 5.PS.3.a, with an answer key for the teacher on its own page. No account needed.
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Related Standards
- 5.PS.3.b
Determine the number of possible outcomes by using the Fundamental (Basic) Counting Principle.
- 5.PS.3
The student will determine the probability of an outcome by constructing a model of a sample space and using the Fundamental (Basic) Counting Principle.
- 4.PS.2
The student will model and determine the probability of an outcome of a simple event.
- 4.PS.2.b
Model and determine all possible outcomes of a given simple event where there are no more than 24 possible outcomes, using a variety of manipulatives (e.g., coi...
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