South Dakota ELA 2.RF.2

2.RF.2 is a cluster heading. These are the individual standards under it.

• 2.RF.2.a

  Blend 5-6 phonemes together to form words.

• 2.RF.2.b

  Add initial, final, and medial phonemes in words.

• 2.RF.2.c

  Segment 5-6 phonemes in words.

• 2.RF.2.d

  Delete initial, final, medial phonemes in words.

• 2.RF.2.e

  Substitute initial, final, and medial phonemes in words.

01

What Students Need to Do

Students hear syllables and individual sounds in spoken words. They blend five or six sounds into a word, then add, remove, or swap sounds at the beginning, middle, or end.

02

What Mastery Looks Like

A student can blend six spoken sounds to say “strand,” then tap its six sounds in order. They can remove /l/ from “plant” to say “pant” and tell where the removed sound was.

03

Common Misconceptions

Some students count letters instead of sounds and count /ch/ in “crunch” as two sounds. Others drop both /s/ and /t/ when asked to remove only /s/ from “stop.”

04

How to Assess It

Say /s/ /t/ /r/ /ă/ /n/ /d/ and ask students to blend the word, then tap each sound. Say “plant” and ask them to remove /l/; listen for “pant.”

1. 01

   Give students six counters to push forward as they say each sound in “strand,” then sweep the counters together and say the word.

2. 02

   Ask partners what word remains when they remove /l/ from “plant” and where that sound was in the word.

3. 03

   Play sound-change cards: partners draw “add /s/ to the end of lamp” or “change /p/ in plant to /s/” and say the result.

4. 04

   At snack time, have students tap the five sounds in “crunch” while eating a carrot, then ask a partner to blend the sounds.

• 1.RF.2

  Demonstrate proficiency of identifying, blending, and segmenting phonemes (sounds) in spoken words.

• K.RF.2

  Demonstrate awareness of phonological skills, including:

• 4.RF.3

  Demonstrate proficiency in grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words.

• 5.RF.3

  Demonstrate mastery of grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words.