Montana Math MT.3.OA.6

Math3rd GradeOperations and Algebraic Thinking

The Standard

Use division as an unknown factor problem.

2026 Montana Mathematics Content Standards

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students rewrite a division problem as a multiplication equation with a missing number. They use known facts, equal groups, or an array to find that number.
What Mastery Looks Like: Given 30 ÷ 5, a student writes 5 × ? = 30 and finds 6. They check with 5 × 6 = 30 and explain what the 6 counts.
Common Misconceptions: Some students multiply 30 by 5 instead of finding what times 5 makes 30. Others put the answer where the total belongs, writing 5 × 30 = 6.
How to Assess It: Exit ticket: Draw equal groups for 24 ÷ 6, write a multiplication equation with a missing number, and solve. Label what your answer counts.

Lesson moves

Give students 24 counters to share into six equal groups, then have them write 6 × ? = 24.
Ask partners, 'How does 7 × ? = 28 help you solve 28 ÷ 7?' Have them explain with a sketch.
Give pairs multiplication cards such as 4 × ? = 20 and division cards such as 20 ÷ 4, then have them match and solve.
Put 18 pencils on three tables, then ask students to find pencils per table by writing 3 × ? = 18.

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$Preview of the MT.3.OA.6 printable worksheet$

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