Mississippi Science HAP.10.7
The Standard
- HAP.10
- Students will investigate the structures and functions of the cardiovascular system, including the cause and effect of diseases and disorders.
Enrichment: Use an engineering design process to develop, model, and test effective treatments for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., methods to regulate heart rate, artificial replacement valves, open blood vessels, strengthening leaky valves). *
2026 Mississippi College- and Career-Readiness Standards for Science · Cardiovascular System
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students choose a cardiovascular problem and set a measurable goal for a treatment. They build a model, test it, and use the results to improve it.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can build a valve model that lets water flow one way while limiting backflow. They can use measurements to explain a design change and name a limit of the model.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may think a valve should block flow in both directions, or that any forward flow means it works. They may assume a model tested with water proves a device is safe for patients.
How to Assess It
- Exit ticket: A valve model passes 20 mL forward and leaks 6 mL backward. The goal is at least 18 mL forward and less than 2 mL backward. Name one change to try, what you would measure next, and one thing the water test cannot show.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Tape a baggie flap over a hole in a plastic cup; pour colored water from each side and measure backflow.
A valve passes 20 mL forward and leaks 5 mL backward. Ask partners what they would change and what tradeoff might follow.
Give teams three valve test cards; have them rank the designs against a target of 20 mL forward and under 2 mL backflow.
Read hospital fact sheets on mechanical and tissue valves; list how durability and blood thinner needs affect a patient's choice.
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Printable HAP.10.7 Worksheet
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