Maryland Math S.IC.B.7.b

MathGrades 9–12Making Inferences and Justifying Conclusions

The Standard

Conduct statistical experiments.

Maryland College and Career Ready Standards for Mathematics (2025) · MAKE INFERENCES AND JUSTIFY CONCLUSIONS FROM SAMPLE SURVEYS,

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students set up a fair test that changes one condition and measures an outcome. They randomly assign subjects to groups, collect data, and compare the results.
What Mastery Looks Like: A student can plan a test with a treatment group, a comparison group, random assignment, and a clear measure. They can use the results to support a claim without treating one test as proof.
Common Misconceptions: Students may let volunteers choose a group, then call the groups random. They may change several conditions at once, making it hard to tell what caused a difference.
How to Assess It: Exit ticket: A teacher wants to test whether a new study app improves quiz scores. Ask students to describe how to assign students to groups, what each group does, and what to measure.

Lesson moves

Shuffle six short-wing and six long-wing cards, build the assigned paper spinners, and time each drop from the same height.
Ask, 'Why should both spinner groups be dropped from the same height?' Have students explain how height could affect the results.
Give pairs this flawed plan: volunteers use a study app; others do not. Have pairs revise the assignment and name the comparison measure.
Show a mock website test with 20 visitors randomly assigned to each button label; have students compare click rates and name what stays fixed.

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