Kentucky Reading and Writing RF.1.3
Standard Cluster
Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding and encoding words. Know the phoneme-grapheme correspondences for common consonant digraphs. Decode regularly spelled one-syllable words. Know final –e and common vowel team conventions for representing long vowel sounds (phonemes). Demonstrate knowledge that every syllable must have a vowel sound to determine the number of syllables in a printed word. With adult support, decode two-syllable words by breaking the words into syllables. With adult support, encode two-syllable words by breaking the words into syllables. Read words with inflectional endings.
Kentucky Academic Standards for Reading and Writing (2025) · Phonics and Word Recognition
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Standards in This Cluster
RF.1.3 is a cluster heading. These are the individual standards under it.
Teacher's field guide
What This Cluster Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students use patterns such as sh, final e, and ai to read and spell words. They read one-syllable words and use vowel sounds to find syllables in longer words. With adult help, they read and spell two-syllable words, and they read endings such as -ed and -ing.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student reads ship, cake, and rain without guessing from a picture. With help, they split sunset into sun and set, say the vowel sound in each part, then read and spell the word. They read jumping with its ending.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may sound out sh as two sounds or read cake with a short a. Some count vowel letters instead of vowel sounds and call rain two syllables. Others read jumping as jump, leaving off the ending.
How to Assess It
- Ask students to read ship, cake, rain, and jumping aloud. Then help them split sunset into two parts, mark the vowel sound in each part, and spell the word.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Use letter tiles to build ship, cake, and rain; have students underline sh, final e, and ai.
Ask: Why is rain one syllable even though it has two vowel letters? Have students point to ai as they explain.
Play a matching game with cards for jump, jumped, jumping, help, helped, and helping; students read each word and match it to an action sentence.
Use a lunch menu to find two-syllable foods such as muffin and melon; help students clap, split, read, and spell each word.
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Printable RF.1.3 Worksheet

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