Georgia 11.T.T.2.d
The Standard
Apply expository techniques to develop a cohesive text, organized in a way that clarifies the relationship between ideas, includes multiple and varied types of information, uses multiple text structures, and adjusts tone for a variety of audiences and purposes. (C)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Texts (T) · Techniques
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students explain a complex topic using facts, examples, definitions, data, and quotations that serve a clear purpose. They organize sections and transitions, then adjust wording and tone for specific readers.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can build an explanation with a focused main idea, purposeful sections, and relevant facts, examples, definitions, data, or quotations. Connections are clear, and word choice fits the intended reader and purpose.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may list facts without explaining how they support the main idea. They may switch structures without clear transitions or assume an academic tone requires long words and complicated sentences.
How to Assess It
- Give students three facts about later school start times. Ask them to write a 150-word explanation for parents using two text structures, clear transitions, and an appropriate tone.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs fact, statistic, quotation, and example cards; have them arrange the cards into cause-effect and problem-solution outlines.
Ask students to rewrite a school lunch paragraph for the principal and for ninth graders, then discuss which tone choices changed.
Run a transition relay where teams choose the best connector for contrast, cause, example, or sequence in projected sentences.
Have students turn a city water-quality report into a one-page public notice using headings, data, definitions, and a clear recommendation.
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