Maryland Math 5.NOS.B.5.a

Math5th GradeNumber and Operation Sense

The Standard

5.NOS.B.5: Divide multi-digit whole numbers with up to four-digit dividends and two-digit divisors.

Apply estimation strategies to estimate quotients.

Maryland College and Career Ready Standards for Mathematics (2025) · PERFORM OPERATIONS ON MULTI-DIGIT WHOLE NUMBERS AND WITH DECIMALS TO HUNDREDTHS.

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students choose nearby numbers that are easy to divide and use them to estimate a quotient. They explain why their answer is reasonable without finding the exact quotient.
What Mastery Looks Like: For 362 ÷ 9, a student uses 360 ÷ 9 to estimate 40. They check that 40 × 9 is close to 362.
Common Misconceptions: Students may round 362 to 400 but leave the divisor at 9, making the division harder. Some lose place value and estimate 4 instead of 40. Others present an estimate as an exact answer.
How to Assess It: Exit ticket: Estimate 362 ÷ 9 without long division. Write the nearby number you used and a multiplication fact that supports your estimate.

Lesson moves

Build 127 with base-ten blocks; estimate 127 ÷ 4 using 120 ÷ 4, then share the blocks among four trays to check.
Ask: Is 19.8 ÷ 5 closer to 4 or 40? Use a nearby number to defend your choice.
Play estimate match: pair 173 ÷ 7, 362 ÷ 9, and 603 ÷ 12 with 25, 40, and 50 cards; explain each match.
Post a $24.50 receipt for five movie tickets; ask students to estimate the price per ticket using $25 ÷ 5.

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