Maryland Math 4.NOS.D.10.a

Math4th GradeNumber and Operation Sense

The Standard

4.NOS.D.10: Compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators, understanding that comparisons are valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole.

Use benchmark numbers (e.g., 1/2, 1), common numerators, and common denominators to compare.

Maryland College and Career Ready Standards for Mathematics (2025) · EXTEND UNDERSTANDING OF FRACTION EQUIVALENCE AND ORDERING.

Teacher's field guide

What Students Need to Do: Students compare fractions using 1/2 or 1 as a reference point, or by comparing fractions with the same numerator or denominator. They write <, >, or = and explain their choice.
What Mastery Looks Like: A student can explain why 3/8 < 5/8, 3/4 > 3/6, and 5/8 > 1/2. They can show each comparison with fraction strips or on a number line.
Common Misconceptions: Students may think 3/8 is larger than 3/4 because 8 is larger than 4. Others compare only the numerators when denominators differ, or assume two fractions above 1/2 are equal.
How to Assess It: On an exit ticket, have students fill in <, >, or = for 3/8 __ 5/8, 3/4 __ 3/6, and 5/8 __ 1/2, then explain each choice.

Lesson moves

Give pairs fraction strips labeled 3/4 and 3/8, then have students line them up and explain which covers more of the same whole.
Ask partners to explain in writing which is greater, 5/8 or 3/8, and how the shared denominator helps.
Deal pairs of fraction cards and have students place a >, <, or = card between them, then name the strategy they used.
Show two recipes that use 3/4 cup and 3/8 cup of oats; ask which needs more oats and why.

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