Georgia 9.T.T.3.d
The Standard
Use rhetorical devices and appeals to guide the creation and revision of texts. (C)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Texts (T) · Techniques
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students use rhetorical appeals and devices to shape an argument for a particular audience and purpose. They also revise drafts so each choice strengthens the claim instead of merely decorating the writing.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students choose appeals and devices that fit a specific audience, purpose, and claim. They revise weak passages by adding credible evidence, clear reasoning, purposeful language, or effective repetition without overdoing it.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may add emotional language without evidence or treat ethos, pathos, and logos as separate requirements. They may label a device correctly but not explain its effect. Some overuse questions, repetition, or loaded words until the argument sounds forced.
How to Assess It
- Give students a short claim and audience. Ask them to write three persuasive sentences using one appeal and one rhetorical device, then label each choice.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs claim cards and audience cards, then have them build a three-sentence argument with evidence, repetition, and an audience-based appeal.
Ask students which appeal would best persuade a skeptical principal to change a school rule, then require a written reason.
Play rhetorical device sort with example cards for analogy, repetition, rhetorical question, parallelism, ethos, pathos, and logos.
Compare two real advertisements for the same product, then mark the appeals and rewrite one claim for a different target audience.
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