Virginia SOL 10.R.1.F
The Standard
Cite primary and secondary sources for quoted and paraphrased ideas using a standard method of documentation, such as the Modern Language Association (MLA) or American Psychological Association (APA).
Virginia Standards of Learning for English
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students identify the source behind each quoted or paraphrased idea. They use one documentation style consistently, adding an in-text citation and a matching entry on the source list.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students independently cite quoted and paraphrased material from primary and secondary sources. Each in-text citation is correctly placed and matches a complete entry on the source list.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may cite direct quotes but leave paraphrases uncited. They may confuse a database with the actual source, mix MLA and APA, or mismatch in-text citations and source-list entries.
How to Assess It
- Give students a paragraph with one primary-source quote, one secondary-source paraphrase, and source details. Ask them to add MLA in-text citations and Works Cited entries.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs a speech, a biography excerpt, and source cards; have them label source types and build matching MLA citations.
Ask students to explain in writing why a paraphrase still needs citation, then compare answers with a partner.
Run Citation Match: teams pair in-text citations with Works Cited entries and fix one deliberate MLA error in each set.
Have students cite a company advertisement and a news article analyzing it, as they would in a consumer research report.
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