5-ESS2-1

Science5th GradeEarth's Systems

The standard

Develop a model using an example to describe ways the geosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and/or atmosphere interact.

Next Generation Science Standards

What this standard means

Students need to identify Earth’s major systems and explain how two of them affect each other in a specific example. They should use a simple model, such as a labeled diagram, flow chart, or physical setup, to show the interaction and describe the cause and effect.

Mastery looks like a student saying, “Ocean water affects air temperature, which affects nearby living things,” and showing that clearly in a model. Students often get stuck naming the systems without explaining the interaction. They may also try to include every system at once, so keep the focus on two systems at a time.

Ways to teach it

  • Build a tray model with soil, water, plants, and a fan to show how water and wind can change landforms.
  • Ask students to write: How can the ocean affect the plants and animals that live near the coast?
  • Show a picture of a mountain range with clouds, and ask students to label two interacting Earth systems with arrows.
  • Connect to local weather by tracking one week of rain or wind and discussing how it affects soil, plants, or streams.

Plan a lesson for 5-ESS2-1

Generate a complete lesson plan aligned to this standard, with objectives, activities, and materials. Free, no account needed.

Related standards

  • HS-LS2-5

    Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geo...

  • MS-ESS2-4

    Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

  • HS-ESS2-6

    Develop a quantitative model to describe the cycling of carbon among the hydrosphere, atmosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.

  • 5-LS2-1

    Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment.

Standard text verified against nextgenscience.org on July 10, 2026.

Page updated July 10, 2026.

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