Georgia 9.L.GC.1.57
The Standard
Usage: Form and use verbals and verbal phrases (participles/participials, gerunds, and infinitives) based on function. (Master)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Language (L) · Grammar Conventions
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students form and use gerunds, participles, infinitives, and their full phrases in sentences. They identify each phrase by the job it performs, such as noun, adjective, or adverb.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students correctly form gerund, participial, and infinitive phrases and place them clearly in sentences. They can label each phrase and explain whether it acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
Common Misconceptions
- Students often label every word ending in “-ing” as a verb, even when it acts as a noun or adjective. They may also treat every “to” phrase as an infinitive or mislabel a verbal by its form instead of its job in the sentence.
How to Assess It
- Give students this exit ticket: Write one sentence each using a gerund phrase, a participial phrase, and an infinitive phrase. Underline each phrase and label its function.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give pairs sentence strips with verbal phrases to sort into gerund, participial, and infinitive groups, then label each phrase’s sentence function.
Ask students to explain how “Running calms me” differs from “Running water filled the ditch,” using the job of each underlined word.
Play verbal phrase bingo using sentences called aloud, with squares labeled gerund as noun, participle as adjective, and infinitive by function.
Have students highlight verbal phrases in job ads, recipes, or school announcements, then revise three phrases without changing their functions.
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Printable 9.L.GC.1.57 Worksheet
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Related Standards
- 6.L.GC.1.44
Grammar: Form and use participles. (Master)
- 8.L.GC.1.57
Usage: Form and use verbals and verbal phrases (participles/participials, gerunds, and infinitives) based on function. (Continue)
- 7.L.GC.1.57
Usage: Form and use verbals and verbal phrases (participles/participials, gerunds, and infinitives) based on function. (Introduce)
- 1.L.GC.1.6
Grammar: Form and use verbs by adding -ing, -ed, or -s. (Master)
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