Georgia 12.P.AC.1.a
The Standard
Identify, apply, and analyze the literary, expository, and opinion (grades K-5) or rhetorical (grades 6-12) elements in texts, explaining or evaluating how specific elements affect the target audience and support the text’s purpose. (I/C)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Practices (P) · Author’s Craft
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students identify craft choices in literary, informational, and argumentative texts. They explain how each choice affects a specific audience and supports a purpose, then apply similar choices in their own writing.
What Mastery Looks Like
- Students can point to specific language or structure and explain how it shapes a reader’s response. They can use similar choices in their own writing and judge whether those choices fit the audience and purpose.
Common Misconceptions
- Students often name a device, such as repetition or imagery, without explaining its effect. They may confuse topic with purpose or make broad claims about the audience without citing evidence.
How to Assess It
- Give students a short editorial. Ask them to identify one rhetorical choice, quote it, explain its effect on the audience, and judge whether it supports the purpose.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give groups a printed speech, scissors, and labels to cut out examples of repetition, contrast, evidence, and emotional appeal.
Ask students to write: Which craft choice most influences the intended audience, and why is it more effective than another choice?
Play Craft Match: students pair quoted passages with audience effects, then defend or challenge each match using textual evidence.
Compare a college admissions email and a public service announcement, then identify how each adjusts tone, evidence, and appeals for its audience.
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