Georgia 11.P.AC.2.a
The Standard
Integrate literary, expository, and opinion (grades K-5) or rhetorical (grades 6-12) elements to appeal to target audiences and achieve specific purposes. (I/C)
Georgia's K-12 English Language Arts Standards · Practices (P) · Author’s Craft
Teacher's field guide
What This Standard Means
What Students Need to Do
- Students combine storytelling moves, clear explanation, and persuasive choices in one coherent piece. They select details, structure, tone, and evidence to suit particular readers and create the intended response.
What Mastery Looks Like
- A student can build a coherent piece using a brief scene or image, clear facts and explanation, and purposeful claims or appeals. The choices fit the intended readers, and the student can explain how each choice supports the goal.
Common Misconceptions
- Students may treat techniques as a checklist and add an unrelated anecdote or statistic. They may confuse audience with topic or assume formal language always suits adults. They may label any emotion as pathos and any number as logos without checking relevance or credibility.
How to Assess It
- Ask students to write a 150-word opening that persuades the school board to consider later start times. Require a brief story, one explained fact, and one rhetorical appeal, then have students label each choice.
Lesson moves
Ways to Teach It
Give groups sentence strips containing an anecdote, statistic, image, and counterclaim, then have them build a speech for the school board.
Write two openings about a later school start, one for students and one for parents, then compare diction, evidence, and appeals.
Play Craft Card Challenge: draw an audience, purpose, and technique card, then revise a plain paragraph to fit all three.
Study a local nonprofit's donation page, identify its story, facts, and appeals, then draft a stronger version for teenage donors.
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